2. Internet and Not Internet

In this chapter, I describe what ARPANET was, how the Internet came into being, as well as looking at some systems in other countries that did not become the Internet.

SOURCES ----------------------------------------------------- "Cybernetic revolutionaries : technology and politics in Allende's Chile", Eden Medina, The MIT Press (2011) "Getting Started Computing at the Al Lab", Christopher C. Stacy, MIT (1982) "InterNyet: why the Soviet Union did not build a nationwide computer network", Slava Gerovitch, History and Technology (Vol. 24, No. 4, December 2008) Wikipedia: "ARPANET" (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ARPANET - Retrieved on 07/01/2021) Wikipedia: "CYGALES" (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CYGALES - Retrieved on 07/01/2021)

IMAGE SOURCES ----------------------------------------------------- Project CyberSyn Control Room | Credit: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Us... | Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 France - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/... | Original: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedi... Stafford Beer | Credit: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ru:User... | Public domain | Original: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedi... Arpanet Nodes Map | Credit: Heart, F., McKenzie, A., McQuillian, J., and Walden, D. (http://som.csudh.edu/fac/lpress/histo...) | Fair Use | http://som.csudh.edu/fac/lpress/histo... Milnet | Credit: United States Department of Defense | Public domain | Original: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedi... NSFNet | Credit: Merit Network (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/en:Meri...) | Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/... | Original: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedi... National Stadium Chile 1973 | Credit: https://www.flickr.com/photos/stgonos... | Attribution-NoDerivs 2.0 Generic (CC BY-ND 2.0) - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/... | Original: https://www.flickr.com/photos/stgonos... Kissinger-Pinochet | Credit: Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores de Chile | Attribution 2.0 Chile - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/... | Original: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedi... Exhibition of Photographs of People who were disappeared following the 1973 coup | Credit: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Us... | Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported (CC BY-SA 3.0) - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/... | Original: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedi... M41 walker bulldog near the palacio de gobierno during the 1973 coup | Credit: Twitter: @goodvibes11111 | Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 International - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/... | Original: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedi... Salvador Allende | Credit: Biblioteca del Congreso Nacional - Chile | Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Chile - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/... | Original: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedi... Siemens Telex | Credit: https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benutze... | Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/... | Original: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedi... Víctor Jara Vive | Credit: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Us... | Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/... | Original: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedi... Map of Chile | Credit: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Us... | Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/... | Original: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedi... FURTHER READING / VIEWING ----------------------------------------------------- "Big Data Lessons from Our Cybernetic Past" - Eden Medina | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9qKoa... “El derecho de vivir en paz”, Victor Jara | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XkXis... "Brain Of The Firm (Second Edition)", Stafford Beer, John Wiley (1981)

CREDITS ----------------------------------------------------- Script / Editing | Pat Derieg Audio Post Production | Christopher Hütmannsberger Title Graphics | Pira Tin Special Thanks | Saša Cortés, Aileen Derieg, Dana Rausch Edited with Blender